Summary

Key conceptual links covered since the first post:

Strand A : From Truth to us

Objectivism and Subjectivism
0) Truth exists
1) Truth is objective and subjective - Metaphysical objectivism vs subjectivism
2) The study of objectivism and subjectivism lies in the philosophy of epistomology and ontology

Epistemology and Ontology
3) Epistemology is the Theory of Knowledge that focuses on analyzing the nature of knowledge and how it relates to similar notions such as Truth, belief and justification
4) Ontology is the study of nature in being, existence and reality, it is traditionally Metaphysical

Pragmatism and Empiricism
5) Pragmatism considers practical consequences to be vital components to meaning and truth (this leads to causality and determinism)
6) Formal Empiricism is a theory of knowledge that asserts that knowledge arises from experience (evidence)
7) True Empiricism is ontological and forms the basis of Metaphysics and the Intuitive experience

Logic and Intuition (philosophy)
8) Logic is a study of principles of valid demonstration (formal empiricism) and inference (pragmatism)
9) Intuition derives from true Empiricism and focuses on being and experience

Thought and Feelings
10) Thought is a mental process that involves the mental manipulation of information and concepts, the analysis of thinking is part of cognitive psychology
11) Feeling is the norminalization to feel, either through experience or perception. It is the conscious subjective experience of emotion.

Strand B : On the advocators

The scientific method:
Epistemological in nature and applicable to all natural sciences (phy chem bio psy & cpt), it advocates Pragmatism and Determinism, on which it clashes with religion on the topic of Nature vs Nurture. From there it promotes Logic (philosophy) and logical thought, which clashes with religion once more on the existence of God.

The religious and religious-quasi doctrines:
Ontological in nature, it clashes within itself due to the multiple subjective interpretations of Truth. It advocates True Empiricism and Intuitive experience, for it's teachings tend on the experience of God and love rather than the Science of God. From that it clashes with science, for intuition provides no concrete reason and proof for the existence of God. It advocates feelings (good) and the soul, which clashes with science over the issue of Determinism and the Free Will.

Education:
Mainstream education aims to bring truth via the scientific method, or epistemologically. The promotion of the 'living classroom' and other co-curricular activities attempts to balance this epistemological method with ontology.

Do note that this list is not exhaustive and carries on from Thought and Feeling through the topic of Personal and Social Identity. Some of the above concepts may too be unfamiliar over the past excerpts- I will definitely dwell into them in the near future.